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ANSI/ASTM D4917-1997 用水平面法测量非涂层书写印刷纸动态和静态摩擦系数的方法

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【英文标准名称】:TestMethodforCoefficientofStaticandKineticFrictionofUncoatedWritingandPrintingPaperbyUseoftheHorizontalPlaneMethod
【原文标准名称】:用水平面法测量非涂层书写印刷纸动态和静态摩擦系数的方法
【标准号】:ANSI/ASTMD4917-1997
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1997
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:书写纸;纸;摩擦;试验;印刷纸
【英文主题词】:Friction;Paper;Printingpapers;Testing;Writingpaper
【摘要】:Thistestmethoddescribesahorizontalplaneprocedureforthedeterminationofthecoefficientofstaticandkineticfrictionofpapermeasuredwhenslidingagainstitself.Althoughthistestmethodisbasicinconcept,theprecisionstatementhasbeendevelopedonuncoatedwritingandprintingpapers.Whiletheuseofthistestmethodisrecommendedforthosegradesonly,itmaybeusedwithothertypesofpapersgivingspecificattentiontospecialpapercharacteristicsandwiththeunderstandingthattheprecisionandbiasmaynotbethesame.Thehorizontalinstrumentrequiressomemeansofmovementofthespecimeninrelationtothesurfaceuponwhichitrests.Thecoefficientoffriction(COF)ismeasureddirectlyfromtheresistancetotangentialmotionandtheappliedweightpressingtwopiecesofpapertogether.StaticCOFrelatestotheforcerequiredtoinitiatemovementbetweentwosurfaceswhilekineticCOFrelatestotheforcerequiredtocausecontinuationofthemovementatuniformspeed.AninclinedplanemethodisdescribedinTestMethodD4918,whichgivessimilarresultsforstaticCOFbutTestMethodD4918cannotbeusedforthedeterminationofkineticCOF.Thechoiceofapproachdependsontheequipmentavailableandthemeansofmeasurement.ThedeterminationofthischaracteristicforcorrugatedandsolidfiberboardisdescribedinTestMethodsD4521andD3247.ThesetestmethodsdifferinthatinTestMethodsD4521andD3247,thetwospecimensareallowedtoslipupononeanotherthreetimesbeforetheforcemeasurementisdetermined,whileinthistestmethodthedeterminationismadeonthefirstslip.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Y32
【国际标准分类号】:85_080_10
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语


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【英文标准名称】:Informationtechnology-Processassessment-Part2:Performinganassessment(ISO/IEC15504-2:2003+Cor.1:2004)
【原文标准名称】:信息技术.过程评定.第2部分:执行评估(ISO/IEC15504-2-2003+Cor.1-2004)
【标准号】:DINISO/IEC15504-2-2011
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2011-07
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:评估;计算机软件;数据处理;效率;评定;信息交换;信息技术;模型;网络互连;式样;过程分析;过程控制;工艺管理;工序计划;质量评定;软件;系统管理
【英文主题词】:Assessment;Computersoftware;Dataprocessing;Efficiency;Evaluations;Informationinterchange;Informationtechnology;Models;Networkinterconnection;Patterns;Processanalysis;Processcontrol;Processmanagement;Processplanning;Qualityassessment;Software;Systemmanagement
【摘要】:ThispartofISO/IEC15504addressestheassessmentofprogressandtheapplicationofprocessassessmentforimprovementandcapabilitydetermination.Itdefinestheminimumsetofrequirementsforperforminganassessmentthatwillensureassessmentresultsareobjective,imparital,consistent,repeatableandrepresentativeoftheassessedprocesses.Resultsofconformantprocessassessmentsmaybecomparedwhenthescopesoftheassessmentsareconsideredtobesimilar.Forguidanceonthismatter,refertoISO/IEC15504-4.
【中国标准分类号】:L70
【国际标准分类号】:35_080
【页数】:22P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforAnalysisofIsotopicCompositionofUraniuminNuclear-GradeFuelMaterialbyQuadrupoleInductivelyCoupledPlasma-MassSpectrometry
【原文标准名称】:四极感应耦合等离子质谱法分析核纯级燃料中铀的同位素组分的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMC1474-2000(2006)e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2000
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.05
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:inductivelycoupledplasma-massspectrometry(ICP-MS);isotopicratio;uranium
【摘要】:Nuclear-gradereactorfuelmaterialmustmeetcertaincriteria,suchasthosedescribedinSpecificationsC753,C776,C778,andC833.Includedinthesecriteriaistheuraniumisotopiccomposition.Thistestmethodisdesignedtodemonstratewhetherornotagivenmaterialmeetsanisotopicrequirementandwhethertheeffectivefissilecontentisincompliancewiththepurchaserrsquo;specifications.1.1Thistestmethodisapplicabletothedeterminationoftheisotopiccompositionofuranium(U)innuclear-gradefuelmaterial.Thefollowingisotopicweightpercentagesaredeterminedusingaquadrupoleinductivelycoupledplasma-massspectrometer(Q-ICP-MS):233U,234U,235U,236U,and238U.Theanalysiscanbeperformedonvariousmaterialmatricesafteraciddissolutionandsampledilutionintowaterordilutenitric(HNO3)acid.Thesematerialsinclude:fuelproduct,uraniumoxide,uraniumoxidealloys,uranylnitrate(UNH)crystals,andsolutions.Thesamplepreparationdiscussedinthistestmethodfocusesonfuelproductmaterialbutmaybeusedforuraniumoxideorauraniumoxidealloy.Otherpreparationtechniquesmaybeusedandsomereferencesaregiven.Purificationoftheuraniumbyanion-exchangeextractionisnotrequiredforthistestmethod,asitisrequiredbyothertestmethodssuchasradiochemistryandthermalionizationmassspectroscopy(TIMS).ThistestmethodisalsodescribedinASTMSTP1344.1.2The233Uisotopeisprimarilymeasuredasaqualitativemeasureofitspresencebycomparingthe233Upeakintensitytoabackgroundpointsinceitisnotnormallyfoundpresentinmaterials.Theexampledatapresentedinthistestmethoddonotcontainany233Udata.A233UenrichedstandardisgiveninSection,anditmaybeusedasaquantitativespikeadditiontotheotherstandardmaterialslisted.1.3Asinglestandardcalibrationtechniqueisused.Optimalaccuracy(oralowbias)isachievedthroughtheuseofasinglestandardthatiscloselymatchedtotheenrichmentofthesamples.Theintensityorconcentrationisalsoadjustedtowithinacertaintolerancerangetoprovidegoodstatisticalcountingprecisionforthelow-abundanceisotopeswhilemaintainingalowbiasforthehigh-abundanceisotopes,resultingfromhigh-intensitydeadtimeeffects.Noblanksubtractionorbackgroundcorrectionisutilized.Dependinguponthestandardschosen,enrichmentsbetweendepletedand97%canbequantified.Thecalibrationandmeasurementsaremadebymeasuringtheintensityratiosofeachlow-abundanceisotopetotheintensitysumof233U,234U,235U,236U,and238U.Thehigh-abundanceisotopeisobtainedbydifference.1.4ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.Theinstrumentiscalibratedandthesamplesmeasuredinunitsofisotopicweightpercent(Wt%).Forexample,the235UenrichmentmaybestatedasWt%235Uorasg235U/100gofU.Statementsregardingdilutions,particularlyforug/gconcentrationsorlower,aregivenassumingasolutiondensityof1.0sincetheuraniumconcentrationofasolutionisnotimportantwhenmakingisotopicratiomeasurementsotherthantomaintainareasonablyconsistentintensitywithinatolerancerange.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Specificprecautionarystatementsare......
【中国标准分类号】:F40
【国际标准分类号】:27_120_30
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】: